Evaluation of Smart Agricultural Technologies Used in Smart Villages: SWARA Approach

Abstract

The rapid development of technology has paved the way for innovative solutions in agriculture, particularly in smart villages. This study evaluates the effectiveness and sustainability of agricultural technologies used in smart villages by employing the SWARA (Stepwise Weight Assessment Ratio Analysis) method. Six main criteria and eighteen sub-criteria were assessed based on expert evaluations. The findings reveal that technological relevance (0.267) is the most significant criterion, followed by efficiency and performance (0.205), economic factors (0.164), environmental sustainability (0.137), social and user satisfaction (0.119), and political and governance factors (0.108). Among the sub-criteria, innovativeness, yield increase, and costeffectiveness were identified as critical factors influencing the adoption of smart agricultural technologies. The study offers actionable recommendations, including prioritizing user-friendly and cost-effective technologies, enhancing financial incentives, and aligning policies with global sustainability goals such as SDG 2 (Zero Hunger) and SDG 12 (Responsible Consumption and Production). Furthermore, it emphasizes the importance of stakeholder collaboration, locally specific strategies, and continuous adaptation of technologies to regional needs, ensuring the sustainable development of smart villages.