Effects of combining weight training and calisthenic exercises on strength and body circumference measurements in U-23 national wrestlers

Abstract

Background and Study Aim. Wrestling requires high levels of physical strength, endurance, and specialized training adaptations to support performance at the elite level. Combining different training modalities may enhance these adaptations more effectively than using them in isolation. The objective of this study is to examine the effect of incorporating calisthenic exercises into sport-specific resistance training programs on specific physiological and performance parameters in elite-level wrestlers. Material and Methods. The study included 22 male wrestlers aged 18-20, all competing at the national team level. Participants were randomly divided into two groups based on their competitive weight categories, with 11 wrestlers in each group. All participants continued their regular wrestling training three times per week for eight weeks. The first group performed weight training using a pyramidal method. The loads varied between 80-100% of their maximum strength. The second group followed the same weight training program but additionally performed calisthenic exercises designed to enhance wrestling-specific strength. Results. At the end of the eight-week training period, the first group, which performed only weight training, showed significant increases in biceps circumference measurements and handgrip strength (p<0.05). Conversely, the second group, which incorporated calisthenic exercises into their weight training regimen, exhibited significant improvements in chest and biceps circumference. They also showed increased handgrip strength (both right and left), as well as back and leg strength parameters (p<0.05). Conclusions. The integration of calisthenic exercises into weight training programs has been identified as a highly effective strategy for enhancing wrestling-specific strength development. This approach has been demonstrated to provide substantial benefits in meeting the unique strength requirements of wrestlers.