A SWOT Analysis of Using Generative Artificial Intelligence in Education: Academics' Views on ChatGPT

Abstract

ChatGPT is a large language model (LLM) based on deep learning that enables a neural network to interpret natural language and generate human-like responses to textual and visual inputs. SWOT analysis, which evaluates strengths, weaknesses, opportunities, and threats, was used in this study to explore various aspects of ChatGPT in education. A case study design was employed, and data were collected through a semi-structured interview form from 18 academics working at different universities in T & uuml;rkiye. The collected data were analyzed using the MAXQDA qualitative analysis program, and findings were organized under four main themes. Results show that the primary benefits of using ChatGPT in education include accelerating academic writing and projects, supporting self-improvement, providing easy access to knowledge, and facilitating learning. Weaknesses include a decline in critical thinking, the spread of misinformation, cheating, and plagiarism. Opportunities were identified as creative content production, rich learning experiences, selfimprovement, and enhancing the speed of learning and teaching. The primary threats are plagiarism, weakening of analytical skills, one-sided learning, and a decline in research competencies. The study highlights that users of generative AI should be well-informed about its appropriate use and remain cautious about potential risks and ethical concerns.