New Ontological Searches and Object-Oriented Ontology: Graham Harman's Perspective

Abstract

This study aims to deal with the new ontological searches that have begun to emerge in the field of philosophy in general terms and, in particular, to reveal how the object-oriented ontology view, which is one of these movements, differs from these movements. For this purpose, first of all, the general outlines of the new materialism, speculative realism, speculative materialism movements, which are called new ontological pursuits, and their differences with classical philosophy will be discussed. Afterward, the object-oriented ontology, which can be considered within these movements, and the views of Graham Harman, who is at the basis of this idea, will be focussed on. While discussing Harman's views, the main focus will be on his conception of the new object, which is claimed to be the main difference that distinguishes him from the other ontological movements mentioned above, and the concept of metaphor he proposes to know this object.