Modern approaches to study of the phenomenon of metaphor as a reflection of national culture and problems of its recreation in translation

Abstract

New trends in linguistics in the XXI century require the study of language phenomena based on new perspectives, criteria, and norms. The field of linguistic and cultural studies, which emerged as the intersection of linguistic and cultural studies, has led to the emergence of new concepts, such as “language picture of the world”, “concept”, “discourse”. New concepts, in turn, created the need to study language phenomena through the prism of “man + language + culture”. İt is generally known that metaphor has been studied in traditional linguistics as one of the ways to convey a figurative meaning. İn the stylistic section of linguistics, a metaphor is defined as a decoration of speech and a peculiar form of expression. Scientific views that have appeared in the field of linguistic and cultural studies have shown the relevance of studying metaphors as one of the important means of expressing the national, specific worldview of a particular nation. The fact that metaphor is one of the ways to express national worldviews makes it difficult for the translator to recreate them in translation. This article explores modern approaches to the study of the phenomenon of metaphor as a specific type of perception and understanding of the world. İt also analyzes the elements that form the metaphor, types of metaphors, methods and problems of transferring metaphors in translation. Features of metaphors and problems of their translation are analyzed using examples taken from the Turkish and Uzbek versions of the novel “Symphony of love” by the famous Turkish writer Rashad Nuri Guntekin.