Biosynthesis and characterization of silver nanoparticles from Tricholoma ustale and Agaricus arvensis extracts and investigation of their antimicrobial, cytotoxic, and apoptotic potentials

Abstract

In this study, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) were synthesized using Tricholoma ustale and Agaricus arvensis extracts by the microwave-assisted method. The biosynthesized AgNPs were characterized by UV-Vis spectroscopy, Fourier transforms infrared spectroscopy (FTIR), X-ray Diffraction (XRD), energy dispersive spectroscopy (EDS), scanning transmission electron microscopy (STEM), and dynamic light scattering (DLS). The synthesized AgNPs were almost spherical shaped with average sizes below 20 nm. The anti-microbial activity of the synthesized AgNPs against the pathogen bacterial and fungal strains Pseudomonas aeruginosa, Klebsiella pneumonia, Staphy-lococcus aureus, Enterococcus faecalis, Candida albicans, and Candida utilis was determined by minimum inhibitory concentration and disc diffusion methods. The cytotoxicity of the AgNPs was examined on human breast cancer (MCF-7), lung cancer (A549), colon cancer (HT-29), and osteosarcoma (Saos-2) cells by MTT assay. The AgNPs exhibited an anti-proliferative effect on MCF-7, HT-29, and Saos-2 cells in a dose-depended manner via induction of intrinsic apoptotic signaling pathways. Hence, the synthesized AgNPs may be potential metal-based nano-particle systems to treat infectious diseases and cancer in medicine.