A review of dithieno[3,2-b:2′,3′-d]pyrrole-based electrochromic conjugated polymers

Abstract

Conjugated organic polymers of dithieno[3,2-b:2' ,3' -d]pyrroles (DTPs) have found applications as active materials for electrochromic applications since the chemical structure of DTP monomer gives an opportunity for tuning optoelectronic and electrochemical properties of their corresponding polymer formations. Thanks to versatility of DTP's chemical structure, these properties can be further enriched by N-substitution or cooperation with different aromatic structures in order to synthesize new electrochromic DTP homopolymers or DTP-based copolymers. Although there are many DTP-based polymers in the literature for various technological applications (organic photovoltaics, organic light-emitting diodes, organic field-effect transistors and electrochromics (ECs)), this review only focuses on electrochromic (EC) conjugated polymers (CPs) possessing DTP chemical unit. In this report, we try to review and highlight EC properties of DTP-based polymers in a logical framework. It is aimed that this study will be a reference and inspiration for scientists working on DTP-based ECs, while also providing guidance for practitioners.