Investigation of in vitro and in vivo antiproliferative activity of a new coordination compound containing AgI(CN)2 on some cancer cell lines

Abstract

Abstract Background: Definitive treatment for cancer is not possible, however, the discovery of novel antiproliferative agents is needed. Coordination compounds have provides exciting the development of metal-based therapeutics. We have been exploring the antiproliferative and apoptotic effect of newly synthesized cyano-bridged {AgI(CN)2} coordination compound, coded as AN12 (NiC17H32N9O4Ag3), against on HeLa, C6 and HT29 cancer cell lines. Materials and Methods: The new coordination compound containing AgI(CN)2 was synthesized using "brick-mortar" method [1]. In vivo cytotoxicity of AN12 was evaluated by lactate dehydrogenase assay (LDH assay) against on cancer cell lines. The antiproliferative activity of AN12 was assessed against cancer cell lines using BrdU Cell Proliferation Assay (BCPA), 5-fluorouracil (5FU) was used as a reference standard. DNA laddering assay and topoisomerase I assay were used to determine whether this compound induce cell apoptosis. Results: According to BCPA and LDH test results, this coordination compound was inhibited the cell viability of cancer cells compared to positive control anticancer drug, 5-fluorouracil (5-FU). Remarkably, the LDH test results disclosed that AN12 was significantly cytotoxic than 5-FU, suggesting that this compound may affect by lose membrane integrity of cell as a result of apoptosis. Furthermore, the compound AN12 caused laddering of genomic DNA, indicating that it may act through inducing apoptosis on the cells. Conclusion: The results of the study suggest that the AN12 may have potential to be used as promising antiproliferative agent.