Müellifi Meçhul Bir Kaside Şerhi: Şerh-i Kasîdetü’t-Tâ’iyye

Abstract

Kâdirî tarikatının kurucusu olarak bilinen Abdülkâdir Geylânî’ye nispet edilen Arapça pek çok kaside bulunmaktadır. Bu kasidelerden biri, bu çalışmaya konu edilen Kasîdetü’t-Tâ’iyye’dir. Geylânî, Allah’ın kendisine lütfettiği nimetleri anlatıp O’na şükrünü dile getirdiği beyitlerde şatahat olarak tabir edilen ifadelere yer vermiştir. Kendisinden istigâsede bulunanlara yardımda bulunulacağına dair bir havassı da bulunan mezkûr kasidenin Türkçe tercüme ve şerhleri yapılmıştır. Bu çalışmada, Geylânî’nin Kasîdetü’t-Tâ’iyye’sine yapılan Şerh-i Kasîdetü’t-Tâ’iyye başlıklı şârihini tespit edemediğimiz Türkçe şerh incelenmiştir. Çalışmanın giriş bölümünde Geylânî’nin hayatı ve mezkûr kasidenin türü olan şathiye hakkında temel bilgiler sathî olarak verilmiştir. İnceleme bölümünde ise Geylânî’nin Kasîdetü’t-Tâ’iyye’si tanıtılmış ve tetkik edilen şerhle ilgili bilgilere yer verilmiştir. Çalışmanın neticesinde ise tespit edilen üç nüshanın karşılaştırılmasıyla şerhin transkripsiyonlu metni hazırlanmıştır. Bu çalışma, tasavvufî şiir şerhleri literatürüne katkı açısından önem arz etmektedir.There are many Arabic qasidahs attributed to ‘Abd al-Qadir al-Ghaylani (d. 561/1166), who is known as the founder of the Qadiri order. One of these qasida is al-Qasidah al-Ta’iyyah, which is the subject of this study. This qasidah, consisting of a total of thirty-one couplets, was written with the pattern “fe‘ulun mefa‘ilun fe‘ulun mefa‘ilun”. In the couplets in which al-Ghaylani expresses his gratitude to God by describing the blessings that God has bestowed upon him, he includes expressions that are called shatahat. Turkish translations and commentaries of the aforementioned qasida, which also has a Khawa?? that those who ask for help from him will be helped, have been made. One of these commentaries belongs to Mustafa İsâmeddîn Üsküdârî (d. 1203/1788-89). The author and date of composition of the other commentary are unknown. In this study, the Turkish commentary on al-Ghaylani's al-Qasidah al-Ta’iyyah titled Sharh al-Qasidah al-Ta’iyyah, whose commentator could not be identified, is analysed. In the introduction part of the study, basic information about al-Ghaylani's life and shathiyya, which is the genre of the aforementioned qasida, is given in a shallow manner. The author's commentary style has been tried to be revealed with selected examples. The commentator, who started the commentary with a prose introduction and gave information about the qasida in this section, commented on thirty couplets of the qasida with a clear and simple language. When the entire commentary is taken into consideration, it is realised that the commentator, who seems to adhere to the tradition of commentary in Turkish literature, does not maintain the same style in terms of method and volume, sometimes expanding the meaning and sometimes limiting the commentary. Three copies of Sharh al-Qasidat al-Ta'iyya have been identified. These copies are registered in Istanbul Metropolitan Municipality Atatürk Library Osman Ergin Manuscripts OE_Yz_1484, National Library Manuscripts Collection 06 Mil Yz A 3465/2 and Süleymaniye Library Hacı Mahmud Efendi 03892-001. In the review section, Geylani's al-Qasidah al-Ta’iyyah is introduced and information about the analysed commentary is given. At the end of the study, the transcribed text of the commentary was prepared by comparing the three copies identified. This study is important in terms of contributing to the literature of sufi poetry commentaries.