TO THE HISTORY OF STUDYING THE COMMUNICATIVE CATEGORY OF POLITY

Abstract

Politeness is a flexible system of strategies, since in the process of communication due to the changing communicative context, communicants are forced to adjust their communicative behavior, trying to make the most optimal choice of strategies and linguistic means in order to make the most favorable impression on their partner. Among the initial major works on the problems of politeness, it is worth noting studies of politeness in sociological and philosophical aspects. In foreign linguistics, a multifaceted study of the category of politeness began in the second half of the 20th century. With the emergence of new linguistic trends at the turn of the 20th and early 21st centuries, such aspects of the study of politeness as cognitive, linguocultural, pragmalinguistic, etc. are actualized. This article analyzes such approaches to the category of politeness, the Grice / E. Goffman paradigm, the semantic rule of R. Lakoff Be polite!, politeness theory by P. Brown and S. Levinson, The principle of politeness and interpersonal maxims of G.N.Leech.